Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by medical dictionary. Less commonly there may be bleeding from the mouth or gastrointestinal tract. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by medical. Arenaviruses are singlestranded ribonucleic acid rna viruses that cause chronic infections in rodents and zoonotically acquired disease in humans through rodent excreta, especially urine. Chapare hemorrhagic fever chhf is caused by chapare virus, a singlestrand rna virus of the arenaviridae family.
When you save presentation as a pdf file it freezes the formatting and layout. The viruses are carried in asymptomatic animal reservoirs, typically rodents. Save powerpoint presentations as pdf files office support. In powerpoint, select the slide that you want to add the content to, and then, on the insert tab, in the images group, click screenshot. Zoonotic diseases fact sheet di s e a s e p a th o g e n ge n u s p e s ho s t g e t ra n s m i s s i on s y m p to ms i b a t io n f c t re a e n t p ho o arboviral infections virus multiple species. Ixodid hard ticks are both a reservoir and a vector for the cchf virus. Ppt chapter 25 clinical virology powerpoint presentation. International committee on taxonomy of viruses ictv. A class of novel, highly divergent arenaviruses, properly known as reptarenaviruses, have also been discovered which infect snakes to produce inclusion body disease. Neuroendocrinology of stress pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. Viruses can store their genetic information in six different types of nucleic acid which are named based on how that nucleic acid eventually becomes. The starting point for the current report also previously referred to as the online, 10th report is the ictv 9th report, published in 2011. Sep 25, 2019 regarding the naming of enzymes involved in the replication of viral nucleic acid, state what the dependent part of the name refers to and what the polymerase part of the name refers to.
The arbovirus genus consists of 400 members including alphavirus, flavivirus, phlebovirus, and includes families such as togaviruses, bunyaviruses, and reoviruses. Your pdf file should be the first thumbnail image in the available windows list. In systemic virus infections, such as the arenavirus hemorrhagic fevers, pathologic and histopathologic examinations often contribute to the initial understanding of the nature of the disease, but definition of pathogenic mechanisms requires the addition of complementary techniques and experimental approaches usually in animal models. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the animal vector for lassa virus, the multimammate rat mastomys natalensis is distributed throughout the region. The following are the major viruses and the other recognized arenaviridae listed in relationship to their rodent reservoirs. Oxford handbook of clinical medicine 10th edition pdf. Machupo virus macv from the clade b of new world arenaviruses in the arenaviridae family is the etiologic agent of bolivian hemorrhagic fever bhf 1.
Arenaviridae infections definition of arenaviridae. Below is a table showing some of the important human pathogens that belong to the arenaviridae family, the hosts they infect and the symptoms. Many of those infected by the virus do not develop symptoms. Demam berdarh virus arenaviridae demam lassa, junin dan machupo. Klasifikasi virus klasifikasi virus rna famili picomaviridae calciviridae reoviridae togaviridae flaviviridae arenaviridae coronaviridae bunyaviridae orthomyxoviridae paramyxoviridae rhabdoviridae retroviridae. Insert pdf file content into a powerpoint presentation. First described in 1969, infection occurs in west africa and is named after the town in nigeria where the first cases were observed. The arenaviridae are a family of viruses whose members are generally associated with rodenttransmitted diseases in humans. Lassa fever is caused by a singlestranded zoonotic rna virus of the arenaviridae family. History virology smallpox was endemic in china by bc. Some arenavirus types appear to be passed from mother rodents to their offspring during pregnancy, and thus remain in the rodent population generation after generation. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi bleeding, edema, and hypotension. Orthobunyavirus, phlebovirus, nairovirus, hantavirus, and tospovirus tospoviruses infect only plants.
Subgroup lcmlasv complex old world arenaviruses subgroup tacaribe complex new world arenaviruses host. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. This succinct, easy to use text presents the fundamentals of microbiology and immunology in a. These viruses infect rodents and occasionally humans. New world arenavirus guanarito virus summary nndss. Apr 05, 2014 your slideshare on virus taxonomy is quite usefuleducative, but the ictv part that classified viruses in 2012 needs to be updated as we are now in 2020. Mar 16, 2017 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Ppt acute transverse myelitis powerpoint presentation. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by the free. Arenaviridae are spread to humans by rodent contact and include lassa virus in africa and several rare south american hemorrhagic fevers such as machupo, junin, guanarito, and sabia. Arenavirus infections the rodent hosts of arenavirus species are chronically infected with virus. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by the free dictionary. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions.
The molecular pathogenesis of arenavirus infections pdf. Most infections are transmitted among adult rodents, likely via fighting and inflicting bites. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. The rep orf encodes the nonstructural proteins ns, which are required for transcription and dna replication, and the cp orf. The virions of this family are spherical to pleomorphic, are of 50300 nm in diameter, with a dense lipid envelope, and have a surface layer covered by clubshaped projections, of 810 nm in length.
Each virus usually is associated with a particular rodent host species in which it is maintained. At least eight arenaviruses are known to cause human disease. Most people infected with lassa fever have a mild or subclinical presentation 80%. There are currently 26 species in this genus including the type species potato leafroll virus. This eight edition textbook of medical microbiology is written for a thorough, clinically relevant understanding of microbes and their diseases. Arenavirus associated vhfs are zoonotic diseases, with humans acting as accidental hosts. Pdf medical microbiology 8th edition ebook free fbfa. Details how discoveries in molecular biology have affected clinical practice, including the development of sophisticated new techniques such as recumbent dna technology and stem cell.
The arenaviridae generally have been considered negativesense rna. Recognizing that survivors of smallpox outbreaks were protected from subsequent infection, variolation involved inhalation of the dried crusts from smallpox lesions like snuff, or in later modifications, inoculation of the pus from a lesion into a scratch on the. Lassa fever in humans is variable in its presentation, making it difficult to. The first arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv, was isolated in 1933 during a study of an epidemic of st. In humans, arenavirus infections could result in severe illness and death. This chapter focuses on arenaviridae family whose sole member genus is arenavirus. The virions are 50300 nm average 100 nm in diameter, enveloped, ethersensitive, and contain two singlestranded rna. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Although not the cause of the outbreak, lcmv was found to be a cause of aseptic nonbacterial meningitis. Crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever is found in eastern europe, particularly in the former soviet union, throughout the mediterranean, in northwestern china, central asia, southern europe, africa, the middle east, and the indian subcontinent. Lassa virus, the causative agent of lassa fever, is a member of the family arenaviridae.
The arenaviridae family is a large and genetically diverse group of over 30 viruses broadly divided into two major complexes or serogroups based on serological crossreactions, genetic, and geographic relationships, namely the new world nw or tacaribe complex and the old world ow or lassalymphocytic choriomeningitis complex. The arenaviridae are a family of viruses whose members are generally associated with. Thediseases derived from arenaviruses range in severity. In response, the practice of variolation was developed. The multimammate rat of the genus mastomys is a common village rodent and is a host for the virus. Ppt version pdf version sherif salah a novel approach to inhibit human immune deficiency virus hiv1 infection by actively neutralizing the antibodies of reverse transcriptase system.
Arenaviruses are pleomorphic enveloped particles that contain two rna segments of virus origin and ribosomelike components. Adenoviruses members of the family adenoviridae are mediumsized 90100 nm, nonenveloped without an outer lipid bilayer viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double stranded dna genome. All types of vhf are characterized by fever and bleeding disorders and all can progress to high fever. Although this is significantly larger than other viruses in its baltimore group, it is still a very simple virus and is heavily reliant on the host cell for survival and replication. In the publish as pdf or xps dialog box, choose a location to save the file to. Suitable conditions for transmission of virus to humans occur in areas where humans come in. The limited clinical information about chhf comes from a small, poorly described cluster of hemorrhagic fever cases in.
By the 1960s, several similar viruses had been discovered and they were classified into the new family arenaviridae. Aseptic meningitis, a severe human disease that causes inflammation covering the brain and spinal cord, can arise from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv infection. Mansons tropical infectious diseases twentythird edition, 2014. The ictv report is a freely available, online resource, that updates and replaces previous ictv reports that had been available as printed books. Virions contain two segments of rna l and s linear negativesense single stranded rna. The arenaviridae family consists of a unique genus, arenavirus, comprising at least 23 recognized species 1. Ppt lassa fever powerpoint presentation free to view. Vhfs may be caused by five distinct families of rna viruses. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Most infections are transmitted among adult rodents, likely via. The hallmark of arenaviruses is their tendency to cause persistent silent infections in their natural hosts rodents and severe, often lethal, disseminated disease in humans. Lassa and lujo viruses are members of the arenaviridae family, which derives its name from the latin arenosus for sandy, referring to the grainy appearance of internal electrondense particles seen on electron microscopy. The multimammate mouse mastomys natalensis is the only known nonhuman host for lassa virus monath et al.
This allows the virus to theoretically carry 22 to 40 genes. Plrv causes prominent rolling of the leaves of potato and a stiff upright habit of the plants. Arenavirus, any virus belonging to the family arenaviridae. Lassa fever is an animalborne, or zoonotic, acute viral illness. Arenaviridae a family of arborviruses carried by arthropods arborvirus, arbovirus a large heterogeneous group of rna viruses divisible into. Arenavirus infections are relatively common in humans in some areas.
Arenaviruses are classified into two distinct groups. From microbewiki, the studentedited microbiology resource. Chapare virus is certainly zoonotic, or animalborne. None of the viral proteins are known to be glycosylated. This this infectious disease is endemic in tropical areas, and sporadic in temperate climates where it.
The rodent hosts of arenavirus species are chronically infected with virus. Arenaviruses have spherical, enveloped virions virus particles that are 110 nm 1 nm 10. Depending on your window size, the screenshot button may appear different. The family reoviridae is one of the most complex in all of virology, currently comprising 15 recognized genera within two subfamilies of viruses with genomes composed of multiple 1012 segments of doublestranded rna dsrna fig. High yield surgery pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. The genus arenavirus includes 22 viral species and 9 additional arenaviruses that have been recently discovered, for which taxonomic status remains pending. General facts viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the arenavirus lassa transmitted from rodents to humans discovered in nigeria, 1969 endemic in portions of west africa seasonal clustering. Dec 21, 2018 the first arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv, was isolated in 1933. Lassa antibody and antigen were found in 96 11% and 46 5%, respectively, of 884 tested mastomys demby et al. Pathogenesis begins with initial replication at the site of infection and aerosol deposition in the lungs. Arenavirus arenavirus is a genus of virus that infects rodents and occasionally humans. This medical microbiology, 8th edition is edited by murray, rosenthal and pfaller.
Togaviridae, flaviviridae, bunyaviridae, arenaviridae ticks, insects, infected animals deer, birds, rodents, etc. People can view the slides even if they dont have powerpoint, but they cant make changes to it. Viral specificity refers to the specific kinds of cells a virus can infect. Arenavirus infections begin with onset of fever and myalgia, followed by neurologic syndromes and cell abnormalities. Sequence analysis reveals that the arenaviridae, the filoviridae and the. Nonhuman primates can be experimentally infected, but there is no evidence that these viruses are pathogenic in livestock, cats or dogs. That is, viruses infect specific cells or tissues of specific hosts, or specific bacteria, or specific plants. Lcm virus is the only arenavirus to exist in both areas but is classified as an old world virus. An arenavirus is a bisegmented ambisense rna virus that is a member of the family arenaviridae.
Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Their name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953 they have a broad range of vertebrate hosts. When symptoms occur they typically include fever, weakness, headaches, vomiting, and muscle pains. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Introduction to biomedical engineering third edition pdf. Pathology and pathogenesis of arenavirus infections. Arthropodborne viruses arboviruses are viruses that can be transmitted to man by arthropod vectors. Lassa virus is the most clinically significant of the arenaviridae, accounting for serious morbidity and mortality in west africa.
Introduction to biomedical engineering third edition 16mb pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. Polerovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family luteoviridae. Emerging and reemerging viral infectious diseases joseph becker, md michele barry, md facp yale university school of medicine january, 2009 prepared as part of an education project of the. Below is a table showing some of the important human pathogens that belong to the arenaviridae family, the hosts they. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Click create pdf xps document, then click create pdf xps. This chapter focuses on the arenaviridae that contains a single genus, arenavirus. It is regulated by the specificities of attachment, penetration and replication of the virus receptors properties of viruses. Pyomyositis is a primary infection of the skeletal muscle usually caused by staphylococcus aureus. The bunyaviridae are a very large family of singlestrand, enveloped rna viruses more than 300 viruses and consists of five genera of viruses. Arenavirus infections are relatively common in humans in some areas of the world and can cause severe illnesses. The family arenaviridae contains two genera, namely mammarenavirus with 27 virus. Oct 05, 2015 the new world arenaviruses are further divided into 3 lineages designated clades.
To help put all this in perspective look at the disease column and the dia microns column. Since tacaribe virus was found in 1956, new arenaviruses have been discovered on the average of every one to three years. The following is a partial list of airborne pathogens. List of airborne pathogens, including allergenic, toxigenic, and suspected respiratory and nonrespiratory pathogens airborne pathogen group disease status source dia microns. Lassa fever, also known as lassa hemorrhagic fever lhf, is a type of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the lassa virus.
It is endemic in parts of west africa including sierra leone, liberia, guinea and nigeria. Convert and create pdf from various types of files like word doc, excel xls, powerpoint ppt. The name of the family is derived from the latin arenosus, meaning sandy, which describes the grainy appearance of arenavirus ribosomes proteinsynthesizing particles. Arenaviridae lassa fever and new world hemorrhagic fever. Pdf converter is a online webbased document to pdf converter software. Arenavirus is a genus of virus that infects rodents and occasionally humans. Arenaviridae synonyms, arenaviridae pronunciation, arenaviridae translation, english dictionary definition of arenaviridae. The who definition is as follows viruses maintained in nature principally, or to an important extent, through biological transmission between susceptible vertebrate hosts by haematophagus arthropods or through transovarian and possibly venereal transmission in. Covers the latest advances in embryology, including normal and abnormal embryogenesis, causes of birth defects, and the role of genes in human development. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis lcmv, lymphocytic choriomeningitis lcm, mus domesticus.
Arboviruses belong to a different genus than arenavirus. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Individual viruses within the family infect a remarkable variety of hosts, including mammals, birds. Virus pathogen database and analysis resource vipr.
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