Abb is the expert for traction converters, motors, transformers, and complete traction chain solutions. Abb holds a complete and flexible traction motor and generator portfolio that allows us to build the perfect solution for train operators regardless of train type, power range or geographical location. In return, the energy from the wheels turns the motor, which functions as a generator, converting energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity, which is stored in a battery until needed by the electric motor. A lowinductance dc bus capacitor for high power traction. Traction motor an electric motor used to drive vehicles such as electric locomotives and trains, dieselelectric locomotives and ships, and streetcars, trolleys, and other electric vehicles. Ac traction motors, electrification systems, and railway signalling and control. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. In an induction motor based ev traction drive, this ripple is around 25 to 65% of the rated load current. At nre, locomotive components are repaired, upgraded or completely remanufactured to the original manufacturers specifications. North american electric traction drive supply chain.
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles electric multiple units and other electric vehicles including electric milk floats, elevators, roller coasters, conveyors, and trolleybuses, as well as vehicles with. General aspects of railway traction what really causes the train to accelerate or br ake are the adhesion forces that appear in the wheelrail contact. Nov 02, 2017 introduction the locomotion in which the driving force is obtained from electric motor is called an electric traction drive. On the commutator side, opening has been provided for upper air inlets from mvmt and lower inspection. Power modules for electric traction hybrid and battery. Therefore, a very economical alternative to the often preferred permanently excited synchronous motor. Features 450w electric drive motor with two 70ah batteries for power. This was the same way that steam locomotives would turn their drive wheels. Us7608950b2 traction motor shaft connected to vehicle. There are two basic principles which governs the working of dc machine. Traction motor inverters convert dc battery voltage to multiphase alternating current to drive the traction motors of electric and hybrid vehicles at the speed and acceleration demanded by the driver. The purpose of the traction inverter is to convert the dc current from the electric vehicles battery to ac current to be used in the electric motor to drive the vehicles propulsion system. The traction motor is a four pole dc series motor in which field winding is connected in series with armature.
Differences between traction motors and industrial motors are discussed. The electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine in accelerating, passing, or hill climbing. Traction drive system and its characteristics as power. General requirement of traction motor drives request pdf. This torque must be generated in a motor or braking system that. It plays a significant role in capturing energy from regenerative braking and feeding it back to the battery. For these adhesion forces to appear, tractive or braking effort needs to be applied to the wheels. Traction motors article about traction motors by the. Oct 30, 2016 now, the normal practice is to use one traction motor to drive each axle through a gear drive. It is based on freescales 56f800e microcontrollers. Usually a master controller is used for the purpose. A current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force demonstrated by lorentz law.
Traction drive system apeem not in the program battery onboard battery charger bidirectional converter electric motor inverter dcdc converter ancillary loads 120 v ac 240 v ac fast charger 2010 traction drive system cost target met with gm integrated traction drive system. Brushless dc motor design for electric traction system. Dec 17, 2018 join us for a deep dive into the incredible chevrolet bolt ev traction motor part of the 1et25 drive unit. Traction motors in diesel locomotives ee publishers. Our traction motor remanufacturing process is second to none because nre uses todays manufacturing technology to remanufacture your motor. Ideal torquespeed profile of traction motor drive for evhev. Index termspropulsion system, electric vehicle, vehicle dynamics, traction motor, constant power region. Traction drive vs gearbox technology low rolling friction, minimal moving parts allows for maximum energy transfer efficiency optional overrunning clutch available prevents regeneration of power in certain applications not torque loss between 10 and 3,000 rpm traditional gearboxes lose over 50% of their torque at the same speed ranges. Introduction the locomotion in which the driving force is obtained from electric motor is called an electric traction drive. Watch the drive unit disassembly and learn about the internal parts. Traction motors and generators every train needs a unique motor or generator for its purpose. Unique carts feature builtin tractiondrive system for easy transportability. General requirement of traction motor drives wiley online library.
There are three main reasons for having more than one traction motor. Drive systems based on a switched reluctance motor srm are important alternatives in traction applications because of the motor simple and robust structure without using rareearth permanent. The case is worse at low speeds, where the motor back emf is also low. Traction motors may use alternating or direct current, and they may have individual or group electric drive to transmit the torque from the engine shaft to the. Twomotor, twoaxle traction system for full electric vehicle.
Comparison of ac77 ac torque motor to d77 dc motor 62. Traction motor drive regenerative breaking aa119 july 16, 2009 leos chalupa, ph. The operating voltage is from 600 v to 750 vfor tramwa y and suburban railways and from 1500 v to 3000 v for mainline service. In a permanent magnet motor based ev traction drive, the ripple is typically higher because the motor inductance is inherently lower. Several positions are available for air intake or power. Ranking of suppliers, by traction drive motor installations for xevs sold in the us, and produced in na plants, cy 2014.
Ideal for applications including mail rooms, hospitals, supermarkets, hotels and warehouses. This simplifies vehicle coolant loops and minimizes any necessary auxiliary systems. Every train needs a unique motor or generator for its purpose. Traction motors traction motors and generators abb. In some vehicles, the motor alone provides power for low. There are various system of electric traction existing such as. Nothing stated in this brief is an official viewpoint of the us department of energy or any other official us government entity. Serieswound dc motors have the disadvantage that, if wheelslip occurs in a standard dc drive, there is the tendency for the traction motor to speed up and run away, even to the point of mechanical failure if the power is not reduced quickly.
Once the motor is designed, its performance is evaluated using matlab simulink and modeling with different types of traction motor. Development of the calculation method of the traction motor power. Its role is to convert electric energy to mechanical energy or vice versa, thus to interface energy. Alternative motor technologies for traction drives of hybrid and. This paper proposes a control strategy for active thermal management of permanent magnet synchronous motor pmsm drives, based on realtime estimation and feedback of. It is a forced ventilated machine arranged for axle mounting on sleeve bearing. Traction motors include both modular and frameless traction motors. Traction drive system and its characteristics as power transmission shuzou sanda, kisaburo hayakawa research report abstract improvement in efficiency and durability is necessary for developing a traction drive continuously variable transmission tcvt. In vehicles of the generic type, the traction motors are fed either directly from a power system or via a converter with electronic power actuating elements. The dc bus capacitor is the most important passive component in a traction motor drive. Efficiency is as important in drive systems for hybrid electric vehicle drive motors as it is for industrial motors in manufacturing facilities and commercial buildings. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa entitled rare earth alternatives in critical technologies. Propulsion system design and sizing of an electric vehicle. Pdf optimal control of traction motor drives under.
Owing to the advantages associated with ac motors, ac motor drives are fast replac ing dc motor. Pdf directdrive induction motor for railway traction. Electric propulsion controls and accessories a 77 a torque. The traction motor 1 is attached to a vehicle body by a king journal not illustrated in more detail. Traction systems for locomotives and high speed applications. Traction motor refers to an electric motor providing the primary rotational torque of a machine, usually for conversion into linear motion traction. Although the demand for mechanical variable speed drives has decreased over time, nidecshimpo has been able to leverage the internal traction drive power train into more modern highprecision motion control applications for oems. Direction of the force is given by flemings lh rule.
Review of characteristics of different types of dc and ac motors used traction and their suitability moduleiv 10 hours rating and heating of electric drives, power loss, heating and cooling of motors, classes and duty and selection of motors, drives for specific application like steel, paper, textile mills. Highly efficient bldc motor integrated with traction drive. Multiple drive systems per vehicle can be supported due to the safety case and levels of torque integrity employed. The invention relates to a traction motor in vehicles with an electric or dieselelectric drive, the traction motor which is mounted in a housing being grounded. This chapter presents the general requirement of traction motor drives. In deep and trustful partnerships with vehicle builders, refurbishers, and rail operators, we supply stateoftheart traction systems. Ddtm is a quiet, compact, lightweight system designed for 12m buses in europe, paratransit buses, and 3035 buses in north america. The traction motor is suitable for a range of vehicle applications, from medium size passenger cars to light duty commercial vehicles. My original aim was to bridge the gap between specialist textbooks which are pitched at a level too academic for the average user and the more prosaic handbooks, which are full of useful detail but provide.
Electric motor drives play the most important role in evhevs. North american supply chain for traction motors and pe. Now, the normal practice is to use one traction motor to drive each axle through a gear drive. Ac induction motors known as asynchronous traction motors. Study of excitation characteristics of traction machinedrive systems. In traction circuit systems up to now, direct current electric motor drive systems advancing to lowmaintenance and highly efficient alternating current electric motor drive systems and improving their performance were focused on. The preliminary choice of electric traction motors for a helicopter traction drive. Chevrolet bolt ev traction motor deep dive youtube. Innovative traction system from abb combined with modern. Technical report pdf available march 2015 with 1,553. Efficiency measurements of dcac converters is a key part of the ev traction. The ringcone mechanical variable speed drive was one of the first technologies developed during nidecshimpos storied past. Electric traction 1701 however, the steam locomotive suffers from the following disadvantages. Usually, the traction motor is mounted between the wheel frame and the driven axle.
Comparison of ac77 ac torque motor to d77 dc motor. The traction motor drive is the heart of electric vehicles. The possibility to drive an electric vehicle with more than one motor has been widely investigated in the past 20 years 1. This paper proposes a control strategy for active thermal management of permanent magnet synchronous motor pmsm drives, based on realtime estimation and feedback of switching device and motor. Brushless dc motor design for electric traction system md. Pdf the preliminary choice of electric traction motors for a. The electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down. Direct drive induction motor for railway traction applications. The drive which uses the electric power for moving forward, such type of drive is called an electric traction drive. The control equipment is provided for manual and automatic operation. Pdf the preliminary choice of electric traction motors. North american electric traction drive supply chain analysis.
The control of traction motors for starting and for smooth acceleration is very much essential to avoid damage to the motors. Each motor is tailormade to customer requirements and to the operation conditions of each train that it powers. Traction motor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Frequency drive featuring fully controllable automatic regenerative braking and advanced wheel slipspin control. The industrywide proven asynchronous motor was further developed by us for use in mobile traction drive units. The traction drive is a nongear reduction technology that minimizes vibration and noise. Traction motors article about traction motors by the free. For auxiliaries and accessory equipment, there is also the permanentlyexcited, sensorlessly controlled, compact and. Introduction this application note describes the design of a 3phase ac induction motor drive with volts per hertz control in closedloop vhz cl. Application note 32 efficiency measurement of traction motors.
The traction motor tao659 has the following main parts. Primary advantages of the traction drive well suited for fine precision comparison between thetraction drive and a planetary gearbox the traction drive assembly consists of two smooth rollers held in fixed position with mechanical properties that include high hardness fn power is transmitted from the driven roller to the passive roller. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa. Join us for a deep dive into the incredible chevrolet bolt ev traction motor part of the 1et25 drive unit. In vehicle drives, induction machines properly designed for the application can have efficiencies. One of the major application of an electric drive is to transport men and materials from one place to another. Transverse movement is limited by the flanges of axle suspension bearing.
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